Technical Guide: Battery Short Circuit Tester for Lithium-Ion Batteries

The Battery Short Circuit Tester is essential for evaluating safety risks in lithium-ion batteries by simulating accidental short circuits. This guide covers key testing protocols and standards compliance.  

**Testing Standards**  

- **IEC 62619**: Requires external resistance of 30 mΩ ± 10 mΩ for 6 hours or until temperature stabilizes.  

- **GB 38031**: Mandates ≤5 mΩ conductors for 10-minute cell tests or 1-hour system tests.  

- **UL 2580**: Uses 20 mΩ resistance with 7-hour test duration.  

 **Test Procedure**  

1. **Setup**:  

   - Connect battery terminals to a low-resistance load (e.g., 5 mΩ for UN38.3 compliance).  

   - Monitor voltage, current, and surface temperature (IR camera recommended).  

2. **Execution**:  

   - Trigger short circuit and record:  

     * Peak current (up to 24 kA for high-capacity EV batteries).  

     * Temperature rise rate (critical for thermal runaway prevention).  

3. **Termination Criteria**:  

   - Stop if voltage drops <10% of nominal or temperature exceeds 150°C.  

**Key Metrics**  

- **Pass/Fail Thresholds**:  

  - No fire/explosion within 1 hour (UN38.3).  

  - Post-test voltage recovery >90% indicates stable internal resistance.  

**Applications**  

- **EV Batteries**: Validates crash safety per GB/T 35590.  

- **Energy Storage**: IEC 63056 compliance for grid-scale systems.  

**Note**: Always conduct tests in explosion-proof chambers with gas sensors.